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Thank you for your examination and for these good detail images.
The green is definitely colour rather than undercoat or primer.
One additional place for confirmation you can check is beneath the head enblem. It appears this was not removed when red finish was applied so we would expect to see the original finish there.
Returning to steerer for a moment -
the whitish colour just below the threads is curious. it is not the colour of a primer but could be a base coat for a flambouyant finish. do the places where the green shows up the best show it to be a flambouyant?
in this chainstay image the contrasting colour shows on my monitor as a blue close to the Monark blue. is this how it appears in person?
in this image it appears there may be a crack in the backside of the seat tube just below the seat lug. is that how it appears in person or is it perhaps just a scratch in the finish?
you have mentioned you would like to do a refinish and apply the correct transfer set. if you were to go forward with this i would suggest removal of all the braze-ons first. just me humble opinion.
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