I don't know if this matters or not to your situation, but the pin (shown at the 10 o'clock position in your first picture) should be placed behind the crank arm. It prevents the chain in such conditions from becoming wedged between the chainring and the crank arm.

The pin also helps facilitate re-engaging the chain back onto the chainring if your FD pushes the chain outward too much. Usually when this happens a slight adjustment on the shifter will place the chain back on the chainring.

Have you tried moving the FD higher on the seat tube?