My recollection is that most chains for derailleur equipped bicycles were 114 or 116 links when I started in the industry, in the early 1970s. That was still the standard when I bought my last lot of chains, about a decade ago. Of course, there was some variation, depending on the application. 1/2 x 1/8" chains for single speed and 3 speed IGH bicycles, were slightly shorter, typically 112 links. I recall some dedicated BMX chains being as short as 100 links.