Originally Posted by terrymorse

Maybe short term strength training works, also. At least for older men (a club of which I am a member).

One of the cited studies had untrained older men (70+ y.o.) do progressive resistance training. Their strength increased 52%, their type I muscle increased 10.4%, but their fast/hybrid muscle decreased or stayed the same.

This is a similar result to the study of masters athletes, above, who increased their cycling efficiency after strength training (type I is credited with improving efficiency).

It's already known that older athletes are more fatigue resistant and have a higher percentage of Type I, so it seems sensible that they (we) respond to strength training by adding more Type I than the youngs do.

(I think it's time to get more serious about strength training.)