Thanks for the encouragement, folks!
I think being able to ride away without incident is absolutely the most important thing. Life's too short to get hurt or killed in an accident or altercation with some neanderthal like this. There's no hope of reasoning with someone ranting like that.
I had my cell phone in my backpack, in a basket on the back of my bike. Maybe I'll look for some kind of holster to attach it to the bars, so it's more easily accessible.
I've had the occasional, "Move over" comment, or annoyed honk, but honestly I could probably count most of these times on one or two hands.
This guy was absolutely going nuts - it was surreal! I couldn't believe how much he was screaming, as if my very existence was going to cause his head to explode!
I do think the only thing that kept him from spitting on me was the fact that he passed me to the left, and his kid was in the passenger seat.
I wish I had gotten his plate to at least somehow hold him accountable. I'll definitely work on that next time!