Actually the best cheeses are from unpasteurised sheep or cow milk, but they're not FDA approved (i.e. Roquefort and Haut-Doubs) so not in the US for you guys, but they're only seasonably available here

I'm referring to later periods of evolution and meat was (IMHO, still is) king.

Quick data/analysis for the masses:

https://www.theguardian.com/news/data...aters-compared

Is there really such a thing as Purina Ape Chow?! I can't strop laughing. Maybe I'll have to try it. I hate cooking.

I had some bike repair issues a few months ago that meant I was not riding for a month (aside from occasional stationary bike sessions at the gym). I actually lost almost 10 pounds. It was much easier for me to stick to a diet when I kept my exercise to just going to the gym a few times a week. I have been trying to loose an extra 25 pounds for a few years. My essential problem is that I love to exercise, I weight-lift and I hate to diet. The weight is more muscle than fat, but it's still extra weight I carry up the hills... Exercise of 2 hours or less makes me hungry. When I did long endurance rides, though, my appetite went down.

After trying many diets and eating patterns, this worked for me: aim for most meals to be gluten-free and try to consume most carbs at dinner- protein shake for breakfast, large salad with mostly veggies and some turkey and cheese at lunch, then whatever I want at dinner (within reason). I'm trying again to stick to the diet and add the cycling back in by adding some snacks on cycling days.

I did it last winter, and it almost killed the love of the sport for me.
It's not a sport, it's transportation. There is no need to love it, although I do love the convenience relative to driving my car.

the royal PITA of riding a bike in dirty road slush
Only a problem without fenders.

frozen toes
Lose the clipless and get boots and platforms.

and three hour commutes that should take only an hour in summer
That's what happens when you drive a car in rush hour around here. One of the good things about winter bike commutes is that snow and ice don't affect your travel time much. Maybe it's different in Colorado.
Do you have proper studded snow tires on the bike?

It's unfortunate that most of the bikes and bike gear sold in this country is geared toward recreational riding, but the more practical stuff is also available. Maybe the winter cycling forum would have some ideas for you.

it takes millions of years to see much "evolution" and the history of hominid consumption of processed (cooked) meat is quite short on an evolutionary basis. environmental damage is one of the consequentialist ethical arguments that is the basis of my vegan lifestyle (which also includes avoidance of petrochemical transport whenever possible or practical).

I disagree with your evolutionary statements.

Also, I believe that we have different definitions of "processed."

I do like that you avoid petrochemical consumption. I fly wayyyyyyy too much.

99.7%: https://www.genome.gov/27539119

And more on the way!

More context is required.

Currently, you come across as a PubMed crawler without an understanding of the methodologies and/or interpretations of the links you provide, which is OK, but I'd thought you'd benefit from that observation.

I've wondered about that. I think that is technically true, but to a degree that is not very significant. My understanding is that your caloric requirements will go up VERY slightly in colder temperatures, unless you make yourself so cold that you constantly shiver. That's not very healthy or pleasant. I'd rather just eat less than sit and shiver.

What indicates there's a significant savings here? How many calories will you burn by dropping your thermostat from 70 to 64? I think it will probably be only perhaps a few calories per day.

Of course, it's sold to zoos. You want the stuff that's specifically formulated to great apes. It apparently has all the charm of eating cardboard. And it comes in 50 pound bags, so you're gonna eat a lot of it.

Sigh...
The draft neanderthal genome is 99.7% identical to version 19 of the normalized NCBI human assembly. Given that variation between humans approaches 0.15% this very strongly suggests that there has been very little genetic evolution over the past few hundred thousand years.

Much later divergence than the origin of eating meat, therefore, diets between the two were/are similar.

Why would one expect more than a 0.3% difference?

In fact, this is a moot point and reduces your credibility to design an accurate comparison (unless this is your positive/negative control depending on hypothesis, which you haven't provided).

Sigh.

I went to college down wind of the factory. god, did that place smell awful!

What have genomes got to do with not liking winter, and why not learn to ride in winter...just NOT at well below zero as is plaguing a great deal of the nation currently? THAT is deadly.

The weather must be creating the off-topic flu.

Clearly comparative genomics (or genomics of any kind) is not your strong point. If you are truly interested in this question, these figures should help you understand my point:

https://www.sciencemag.org/content/32...0/F3.large.jpg
https://www.sciencemag.org/content/32...expansion.html
https://www.pnas.org/content/108/13/5...expansion.html
https://www.pnas.org/content/109/3/847/F1.large.jpg

(Anyone not affiliated with an academic institution who wants to view the figures and/or papers in question can pm me.)

All of the genomics data is OK. The logical fallacy you're committing is that the newest findings stress that Neanderthals ate a similar diet to modern day man.

Essentially, in laymans terms, you need to go further backward.

Your degence of veganism is on wobbly ground, at best.

A logical fallacy that you first made up thread when you argued that we evolved to eat meat.

Sorry for the derail, everyone else.

It's proven ... you're doing the wrong analysis ... by simply assuming that all evolution is based on primary DNA sequence and that no epigenetic regulation is possible ... comparative genomics is a pretty feeble measure of evolution

https://www.plosone.org/article/info%...l.pone.0046414

I feel your pain. My summer commute is about an hour and a half. Putting studs on instantly increases that that to two hours, on dry roads. And we haven't had any dry roads in over a month, so my commutes have been taking more like 2.5 hrs. In the dark. And there is NO way to keep the feet warm.

Add in the 25 minute ritual of getting dressed, making hot tea (hard to drink the block of ice your waterbottle would turn into), charging all the various lights. The time commitment is crazy.

I'm going to try to scale it back a little and maybe mix it up with some cross country skiing. The dog would probably appreciate a walk once in a while as well .

So what killed them? They stopped breathing, no doubt.

I'm not eating a Vega anyway...I'd rather eat Bentleys.

What are use using on your feet? I like insulated winter boots and flat pedals. For the clippy types, shimano, northwave, and 45 north have insulated winter clipless boots.

Let's try to stay on topic and stop discussing this silly bike stuff. Sigh. Back to evolution, please.

8 more weeks of winter ? can I hold you to that . I am tired of winter also .